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SHARED METACOGNITION
CONSTRUCT AND QUESTIONNAIRE

The Shared Metacognition construct was developed in the context of research on metacognition and specifically the CoI framework. The CoI theoretical framework provided the “context to conceptually and operationally define and operationalize metacognition in a socially shared environment” (Garrison, 2017, p. 62). Shared metacognition (MC) exists at the intersection of the cognitive and teaching presence constructs and goes to the heart of a deep and meaningful educational learning experience.

Metacognition is generally accepted as consisting of two components: awareness of the inquiry process and implementation strategies (regulation). Awareness allows the learner to monitor and actively manage/regulate the inquiry process. Most importantly, in a collaborative learning environment, awareness and implementation strategies are developed through critical discourse and the requirement of participants to explain and justify one's thinking to self and others.

The approach to developing a viable metacognition construct for collaborative learning environments is to subsume self and shared regulatory functions within a single construct. The Shared Metacognition construct (Garrison & Akyol, 2015a, 2015b) reflects the dynamic dimensions of self and co-regulation each exhibiting a monitoring (awareness) and a managing (strategic action) function (see figure below).

SHARED METACOGNITION QUESTIONNAIRE

An invaluable tool in the study and practice of shared metacognition in a community of inquiry is the Shared Metacognition Questionnaire (SMQ). The SMQ has been validated (see Garrison & Akyol, 2015a, 2015b as well as Kilis & Yildirim, 2018).

SHARED METACOGNITION QUESTIONNAIRE
RESOURCE FOR STUDENTS AND AUTHORS

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Shared metacognition
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REFERENCES

Garrison, D. R. (2017). E-Learning in the 21st Century: A Community of Inquiry Framework for Research and Practice (3rd Edition). London: Routledge/Taylor and Francis.

Garrison, D. R., & Akyol, Z. (2015a). Toward the development of a metacognition construct for the community of inquiry framework. (Developing a shared metacognition construct and instrument: Conceptualizing and assessing metacognition in a community of inquiry.) Internet and Higher Education, 24, 66-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.iheduc.2014.10.001

Garrison, D. R., & Akyol, Z. (2015b). Corrigendum to 'Toward the development of a metacognition construct for communities of inquiry.' The Internet and Higher Education, 26, 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.iheduc.2015.03.001

Kilis, S., & Yildirim, Z. (2018). Metacognition within a communities of inquiry questionnaire: Validity and reliability study of Turkish adaptation. KEFAD, 19(1), 680-690. http://kefad.ahievran.edu.tr

RECENT COMMENTS

Marcy McCarty on The CoI Community
2 weeks ago
Hello Dan! Many thanks for addressing my question! When I am done, I would be happy to share! Thank you! Marcy

Dan Wilton on The CoI Community
3 weeks ago
Welcome to the CoI community, Marcy! Wherever possible, we've put resources under a Creative Commons ShareAlike license, which allows you use, for example, the CoI framework diagram or the CoI Survey in your work as long as its attributed back to this website and any modifications noted. You'll find downloadable ...

Marcy McCarty on The CoI Community
3 weeks ago
Greetings! My name is Marcy McCarty. I am the associate dean for the school of graduate and professional studies at a small private college where all programs are online. I am completing my doctorate degree in performance improvement leadership, focusing my research on the quality of faculty engagement in the online ...

Lora B. Pezzell on The CoI Community
1 month ago
Hello, my name is Lora Pezzell, M.A., M.S., I am an instructional designer at the University of Central Oklahoma. We use the COI framework when we are training our faculty about how to teach courses online. I find it is a very helpful ...

DEVINE MURERI on The CoI Community
2 months ago
Hie Fellow. I am Devine Mureri From Zimbabwe . I am Studying BCOM HONS (FINANCIAL DEGREE) at Great Zimbabwe University so , i am interested in taking some of the Survey's at my school under your influence. ...

Kathleen Norris PhD on The CoI Community
2 months ago
Hello, My name is Kathleen Norris. I retired as an elementary school principal three years ago after 40 years of experience as a teacher, administrator, and professional development manager. I am currently a contributing faculty member at Walden University. I recently worked with a team to build an online community of ...

Gemma Mitchelson on The CoI Community
2 months ago
Thank you so much Dan. I will certainly do so :)

Dan Wilton on The CoI Community
3 months ago
Welcome to the CoI community, Gemma! While others will be able to give more detailed guidance than I on the Shared Metacognition Questionnaire, Vaughan and Wah (2022 - linked below) describes one implementation. It's a 5-point Likert scale (1=strongly disagree; 5=strongly agree), shown in Appendix A. But Shared ...

Gemma Mitchelson on The CoI Community
3 months ago
Hello everyone My name is Gemma and I am studying a Doctorate in Education. I am really keen to use the Shared Metacognition Questionnaire as one tool for gathering data but I cannot find any information on how to implement it? Is a 6-point likert scale used and if so, what are the measurements used e.g. strongly ...

D. Randy Garrison on The CoI Community
3 months ago
Cliona, Welcome. I would be pleased to answer any questions you might have. Best, DRG
The Community of Inquiry is a project of Athabasca University, Mount Royal University, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, and the Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology, as well as researchers and members of the CoI community.